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1.
Clive Bell 《Papers in Regional Science》2022,101(2):373-397
The effects of a rural roads programme depend on labour mobility, how the programme is financed, and agglomeration economies. If financed by a rural poll tax and cross-price effects and agglomeration economies are sufficiently small, the wage will rise, with some return migration. Taxes on trade act as countervailing distortions, yielding urban households some relief. Rural-urban commuting promotes the exploitation of agglomeration economies; taxes on international trade are then inferior to a poll tax. The change in the value, at producer prices, of the rural sector's net supply vector can be a poor measure of the programme's social profitability. 相似文献
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摘 要:为了提高码索引调制(code index modulation,CIM)系统的传输效率,提出了一种具有更低复杂度的单输入单输出(single input single output,SISO)的广义正交码索引调制(generalized orthogonal code index modulation,GQCIM)系统。CIM 系统使用扩频码和星座符号传输信息,但只能激活两个扩频码索引和一个调制符号。而 GQCIM 系统以一种新颖的方式克服了只激活一个调制符号的限制,同时充分利用了调制符号的正交性,增加扩频码索引以传输更多的额外信息位,提高了系统的传输效率。此外,分析了GQCIM系统的理论性能,推导了误码率性能的上界。通过蒙特卡罗仿真验证了GQCIM系统的性能,对比发现GQCIM系统的理论和仿真性能一致。而且在相同的传输效率下,结果显示GQCIM系统的性能优于同样具有正交性的调制系统,如广义码索引调制(generalized code index modulation,GCIM)系统、CIM系统、码索引调制-正交空间调制(code index modulation aided quadrature spatial modulation,CIM-QSM)系统、码索引调制-正交空间调制(code index modulation aided spatial modulation,CIM-SM)系统、脉冲索引调制(pulse index modulation,PIM)系统。 相似文献
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Corey R. Nelson Tyler Mrozowich Sean M. Park Simmone Dsouza Amy Henrickson Justin R. J. Vigar Hans-Joachim Wieden Raymond J. Owens Borries Demeler Trushar R. Patel 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(1)
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-transmitted virus from the Bunyaviridae family that causes high rates of mortality and morbidity in humans and ruminant animals. Previous studies indicated that DEAD-box helicase 17 (DDX17) restricts RVFV replication by recognizing two primary non-coding RNAs in the S-segment of the genome: the intergenic region (IGR) and 5′ non-coding region (NCR). However, we lack molecular insights into the direct binding of DDX17 with RVFV non-coding RNAs and information on the unwinding of both non-coding RNAs by DDX17. Therefore, we performed an extensive biophysical analysis of the DDX17 helicase domain (DDX17135–555) and RVFV non-coding RNAs, IGR and 5’ NCR. The homogeneity studies using analytical ultracentrifugation indicated that DDX17135–555, IGR, and 5’ NCR are pure. Next, we performed small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments, which suggested that DDX17 and both RNAs are homogenous as well. SAXS analysis also demonstrated that DDX17 is globular to an extent, whereas the RNAs adopt an extended conformation in solution. Subsequently, microscale thermophoresis (MST) experiments were performed to investigate the direct binding of DDX17 to the non-coding RNAs. The MST experiments demonstrated that DDX17 binds with the IGR and 5’ NCR with a dissociation constant of 5.77 ± 0.15 µM and 9.85 ± 0.11 µM, respectively. As DDX17135–555 is an RNA helicase, we next determined if it could unwind IGR and NCR. We developed a helicase assay using MST and fluorescently-labeled oligos, which suggested DDX17135–555 can unwind both RNAs. Overall, our study provides direct evidence of DDX17135–555 interacting with and unwinding RVFV non-coding regions. 相似文献
4.
彭家寅 《计算机工程与应用》2020,56(12):93-97
目的是利用高维量子纠缠态为量子信道,讨论未知单粒子态的受控隐形传输问题。以三维量子纠缠态为信道,提出一个二维任意单粒子态的受控隐形传输协议。提出了以任意[d]-维量子纠缠态为量子信道,[t]-维任意单粒子态的隐形传输协议[(t相似文献
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交通信号灯识别包括检测和状态识别,在智能交通系统中发挥重要作用。基于YOLOv3算法提出了一种交通信号灯检测与状态识别模型。针对交通信号灯相较于交通场景中其他目标具有尺度小的特性进行了算法的设计:降低骨干网络的下采样倍率以增加小尺度目标的特征描述能力;通过增大特征图的尺度来改进多尺度特征融合;引入广义交并比作为检测任务的损失函数来改进目标边界框的回归效果。同时,根据交通信号灯本身的特性,使用颜色和形状约束的方法对信号灯进行状态识别和类别验证。最后在公开的Bosch交通信号灯数据集上和实际的城区道路进行了实验验证。实验结果表明,所提出的算法能够提升交通信号灯识别的精度和召回率,识别准确率可以达到90%左右。 相似文献
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Wenhao Qiu Guangyao Lian Peng Zhou Kaoli Huang 《Quality and Reliability Engineering International》2020,36(5):1592-1603
An extended failure mode effect and criticality analysis (FMECA)-based sample allocation method for testability verification is presented in this study to deal with the poor representativeness of test sample sets and the randomness of the testability evaluation results caused by unreasonable selection of failure samples. First, the fault propagation intensity is introduced as part of the extended information of FMECA, and the sample allocation impact factors of component units and failure modes are determined under this framework. Then, the failure mode similarity and impact factor support are defined, and the game decision method for weighing the relationship between similarity and support is proposed to obtain the weight of failure mode impact factor. Finally, a two-step allocation framework of test samples is formulated to realize the sample allocation of component units and failure modes. This method is applied to the testability verification test of a launch control system. Results show that this method can obtain more representative test samples compared with the traditional sample allocation method while effectively reducing randomness of single testability evaluation result. 相似文献